HISSAN CENTRAL
EXAMINATION - 2079 (2023)
Grade: XII Time:
2 hrs
Subject:- COMPUTER
SCIENCE (TH) [4281 A] Full
Marks: 50
GROUP A [9×1=9]
Multiple Choice Questions.
Choose the correct answer.
1. In which normal form of database transitive dependency should not be occurred?
A)
First
B) second
C) Third
d) All of above
2. Which of the following techniques is used to grant privileges to user in a database?
A)
Authentication
B) Authorization
C) Isolation
D) Backup
3. Which SQL command is used to display all the records from a table named STUDENT with "H" as the first letter in the field FNAME (FIRST NAME)?
A) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE FNAME LIKE "H";
B) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE FNAME LIKE "%H%";
C) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE FNAME LIKE "H%";
D) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE FNAME LIKE "H";
4. Which of the following is a remote login service?
A) FTP
B)Telnet
C) SMTP
5. Which of the following is a server-side scripting language?
A)
PHP
B) MySql
C) JavaScript
D) SQL
6. Which of the following keywords are used to declare a variable in JavaScript?
A) int or suppose
B) float or int
C) var or let
D) char or var
7. What will be the result of combining a string with another data type in PHP?
A)
Float
B) int
C) string
D) double
8. The process of hiding internal details of a program and exposing the functionality is .....
A) Class.
B) Polymorphism.
C) Inheritance
D) Data Abstraction.
9. Which of the following is not a phase of SDLC?
A) Analysis.
B) Developing
C) Testing
D) Meeting
GROUP B [5x5=25]
Short Answer Questions
10. Suppose you are appointed as an IT expert in a Hotel. What kind of database system you preferred and why? [1+4]
OR
Most of the Hospitals prefer applying a relational database model for database design compared to other models. Justify the statement with your arguments. [5]
11. Write a program in JavaScript to add the values of any two variables. [5]
OR
How can you connect MYSQL database with PHP? Demonstrate with an example. [5]
12. Differentiate between OOP and procedural oriented language. [5]
13. State various stages of SDLC and explain any two. [5]
14. Explain mobile computing with advantages. [1+2+2]
GROUP C [2x8=16]
Long Answer Questions
15. Suppose you are appointed as an IT expert of any bank which network architecture you prefer and why? [2+6]
16. Write a program in C using structure to enter the roll_number, name, and marks scored in english, computer, maths and nepali of 10 students. Also, display them in proper format along with the total
marks. [Note: the marks should be between 0 and 100]. [8]
OR
Write a program in C to
create and store name, gender, and phoneno of students to a data file named
"ADDRESS.DAT". The program should prompt the user whether to continue
or not. The program should also display all the records in the proper format. [8]
THE END
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Answer key:
1.) c 2).B 3.) C 4.) D 5.) A 6.) C 7) C 8.)D 9.) D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Solutions:
HISSAN CENTRAL EXAMINATION - 2079 (2023)
Grade: XII Time: 2 hrs
Subject:- COMPUTER SCIENCE (TH) [4281 A] Full Marks: 50
GROUP A [9×1=9]
Multiple Choice Questions.
Choose the correct answer.
1. In which normal form of database transitive dependency should not be occurred?
A) First
B) second
C) Third
d) All of above
2. Which of the following techniques is used to grant privileges to user in a database?
A) Authentication
B) Authorization
C) Isolation
D) Backup
3. Which SQL command is used to display all the records from a table named STUDENT with "H" as the first letter in the field FNAME (FIRST NAME)?
A) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE FNAME LIKE "H";
B) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE FNAME LIKE "%H%";
C) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE FNAME LIKE "H%";
D) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE FNAME LIKE "H";
4. Which of the following is a remote login service?
A) FTP
B)Telnet
C) SMTP
5. Which of the following is a server-side scripting language?
A) PHP
B) MySql
C) JavaScript
D) SQL
6. Which of the following keywords are used to declare a variable in JavaScript?
A) int or suppose
B) float or int
C) var or let
D) char or var
7. What will be the result of combining a string with another data type in PHP?
A) Float
B) int
C) string
D) double
8. The process of hiding internal details of a program and exposing the functionality is .....
A) Class.
B) Polymorphism.
C) Inheritance
D) Data Abstraction.
9. Which of the following is not a phase of SDLC?
A) Analysis.
B) Developing
C) Testing
D) Meeting
GROUP B [5x5=25]
Short Answer Questions
10. Suppose you are appointed as an IT expert in a Hotel. What kind of database system you preferred and why?
Ans:-
-
Structured Data Storage:
Hotel operations involve structured data like guest records, room bookings, billing, inventory, staff details, etc. RDBMS stores this data in well-organized tables with clear relationships. -
Data Integrity and Accuracy:
RDBMS supports constraints and data validation, ensuring data accuracy (e.g., no duplicate bookings or invalid guest entries). -
Easy Querying and Reporting:
Using SQL, we can quickly generate reports like available rooms, guest check-ins, or billing summaries, helping in fast decision-making. -
Multi-user Access:
Multiple departments (reception, kitchen, housekeeping, accounts) can access and update data simultaneously without conflicts. -
Security and Backup:
RDBMS provides user roles and permissions, securing sensitive data. It also supports regular backups and recovery options.
[1+4]
OR
Most of the Hospitals prefer applying a relational database model for database design compared to other models. Justify the statement with your arguments.
Ans:-
Most hospitals prefer using the Relational Database Model (RDBMS) for database design due to the following strong reasons:
1. Structured and Organized Data Storage
Hospitals deal with structured data such as patient records, doctor information, lab reports, billing, appointments, etc. The relational model allows storing this data in tables with rows and columns, making it easy to manage and retrieve.
2. Data Integrity and Accuracy
RDBMS supports primary keys, foreign keys, and constraints, ensuring that data is consistent, accurate, and free from duplication. For example, each patient has a unique ID, and their test reports or prescriptions are linked properly.
3. Easy Data Retrieval Using SQL
RDBMS supports Structured Query Language (SQL), which helps hospital staff retrieve and analyze data quickly — like finding patient history, generating reports, or checking doctor schedules.
4. Security and Role-Based Access
Relational databases provide user roles and permissions to control who can view or modify data. This is crucial in hospitals where patient data privacy and data security are highly important.
5. Multi-user and Concurrent Access
Multiple departments (e.g., OPD, billing, pharmacy, lab) can access and update the same database simultaneously without conflicts, making hospital operations smoother and more efficient.
6. Scalability and Maintenance
As hospital data grows over time, relational databases can easily scale and be maintained. Tables can be added or modified without affecting existing data relationships. [5]
11. Write a program in JavaScript to add the values of any two variables. [5]
Ans:-
<script>
let a = 10;
let b = 20;
let sum = a + b;
console.log("The sum of a and b is: " + sum);
OR
How can you connect MYSQL database with PHP? Demonstrate with an example. [5]
Ans:-
The mysqli_connect() function is used to establish a connection to a MySQL database using the MySQLi (MySQL Improved) extension in PHP.
Syntax:
mysqli_connect(host, username, password, database, port, socket);
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| host | The hostname or IP address of the MySQL server (e.g., "localhost"). |
| username | MySQL username (e.g., "root"). |
| password | Password for the MySQL user. Mostly it is empty. |
| database | Name of the database to connect to. |
| Example: |
$connection = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "school");
if (!$connection) {
die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
}
echo "Connected successfully";
?>
12. Differentiate between OOP and procedural oriented language. [5]
Ans:-
Procedural Oriented Language(POP):-
Procedure oriented programming basically consists of writing a list of instructions(or actions) for the computer to follow, and organizing these instructions into groups known as functions. While we concentrate on the development , very little attention is given to the data that are being used by various functions.
Diagrammatically we can show POP as
Some characteristics (features) of Procedure Oriented Programming are :-
1) Emphasis is on doing things(algorithms).
2) Large programs are divided into smaller programs known as functions.
3) Most of the functions share global data.
4) Data more openly around the system from function to function.
5) Functions transform data from one form to another.
6) Employs a top-down approach in program design.
OOP(Object Oriented Programming):-
The major motivating factor in the invention of object oriented is to remove some of the flaws encountered in the procedural oriented approach. Object oriented programming uses concept of “Object” and treats data as a critical element in the program development and does not allow it to flow freely around the system. It ties data more closely to the functions that operate on it, and protects it from accidental modifications from outside functions.
Some characteristics (features) of Object Oriented Programming are :-
1) Emphasis is on data rather than procedures or algorithms.
2) Programs are divided into what are known as objects.
3) Data structures are designed such that characterize the objects.
4) Functions that operate on the data are tied together in the data structure.
5) Data is hidden and cannot be accessed by external functions.
6) Objects may communicate with each other through functions.
7) New data and functions can be easily added whenever necessary.
8) Follows bottom-up approach in program design.
13. State various stages of SDLC and explain any two. [5]
Ans:-
The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) consists of several phases that guide the process of developing high-quality software. The main stages are:
Requirement gathering/planning
-
Requirement Analysis
-
System Design
development(coding)
Testing
-
Implementation /deployment
-
Maintenance
Here's a brief explanation of Analysis and Development phases in SDLC:
Analysis Phase:
In the analysis phase, the goal is to understand the exact requirements of the software system. This involves gathering information from clients or users to identify what the system should do. The result is a requirement specification document that guides the rest of the development process.
Development (Implementation) Phase:
In the development phase, the actual coding of the software takes place. Based on the design documents, developers write code using suitable programming languages. This is where the system starts to take shape as a working product.
14. Explain mobile computing with advantages. [1+2+2]
Ans:-
Mobile computing:-
Mobile computing refers to the ability to use computing devices such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops wirelessly and on-the-go, allowing users to access data and perform tasks without being tied to a fixed location.
Some advantages of mobile computing are:
Advantages of Mobile Computing:
-
Increased Flexibility:
Users can access applications, data, and services from any location, allowing them to work remotely and manage tasks on the go. -
Real-time Communication:
Mobile computing allows for instant communication through emails, messaging apps, and video calls, which is crucial for quick decision-making and collaboration. -
Improved Productivity:
Mobile devices like smartphones and tablets allow users to complete tasks and access information quickly, helping professionals stay productive even while traveling or outside the office. -
Cost Efficiency:
Mobile computing reduces the need for physical office setups and infrastructure, as employees can work remotely, leading to lower operational costs for businesses.
GROUP C [2x8=16]
Long Answer Questions
15. Suppose you are appointed as an IT expert of any bank which network architecture you prefer and why? [2+6]
Ans:-
If I were appointed as an IT expert for a bank, I would prefer the Client-Server Architecture for the bank's network. This is a widely used and suitable architecture for banks due to its security, scalability, and efficient management.
Reasons for Preferring Client-Server Architecture are:
1.Centralized Management:
Client-Server architecture allows for centralized control over all data and applications. The bank’s critical data (such as transaction records, account details, etc.) is stored on secure, centralized servers, making it easier to manage and backup information efficiently.
2.Data Security:
Banks deal with sensitive financial data. In a client-server setup, data access can be strictly controlled and monitored. Security protocols like firewalls, encryption, and access control mechanisms can be implemented at the server level to ensure safe transmission and storage of customer data.
3.Scalability:
The Client-Server architecture supports easy scalability. As the bank grows or experiences more traffic, the system can be expanded by adding more servers or upgrading server capacity to meet increased demands without disrupting services.
4.Reliable Communication and Data Flow:
Client-server systems ensure that client devices (e.g., ATMs, desktop terminals) securely interact with the central server, ensuring fast and reliable data processing. For example, a customer’s request at an ATM or bank terminal will be processed efficiently by the server.
5.High Availability and Redundancy:
Banks cannot afford downtime. With multiple servers and redundant systems, client-server architecture ensures high availability and backup servers in case of failure, ensuring uninterrupted banking services.
6.Easy Maintenance and Updates:
Updates and maintenance are easier to implement in a client-server model because the server is the centralized hub. Software updates, security patches, and new features can be deployed on the server and automatically reflected on all client devices, reducing operational complexity.
16. Write a program in C using structure to enter the roll_number, name, and marks scored in english, computer, maths and nepali of 10 students. Also, display them in proper format along with the total
marks. [Note: the marks should be between 0 and 100]. [8]
Ans:-
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define STUDENTS 10
struct Student
{
int roll_number;
char name[50];
int english;
int computer;
int maths;
int nepali;
int total;
};
int main()
{
struct Student s[STUDENTS];
for (int i = 0; i < STUDENTS; i++) {
printf("\nEnter details for Student %d:\n", i + 1);
printf("Roll Number: ");
scanf("%d", &s[i].roll_number);
printf("Name: ");
scanf(" %[^\n]", s[i].name);
do {
printf("Marks in English (0-100): ");
scanf("%d", &s[i].english);
} while (s[i].english < 0 || s[i].english > 100);
do {
printf("Marks in Computer (0-100): ");
scanf("%d", &s[i].computer);
} while (s[i].computer < 0 || s[i].computer > 100);
do {
printf("Marks in Maths (0-100): ");
scanf("%d", &s[i].maths);
} while (s[i].maths < 0 || s[i].maths > 100);
do {
printf("Marks in Nepali (0-100): ");
scanf("%d", &s[i].nepali);
} while (s[i].nepali < 0 || s[i].nepali > 100);
s[i].total = s[i].english + s[i].computer + s[i].maths + s[i].nepali;
}
printf("\n%-5s %-20s %-8s %-9s %-7s %-8s %-6s\n", "Roll", "Name", "English", "Computer", "Maths", "Nepali", "Total");
printf("----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
for (int i = 0; i < STUDENTS; i++) {
printf("%-5d %-20s %-8d %-9d %-7d %-8d %-6d\n",
s[i].roll_number,
s[i].name,
s[i].english,
s[i].computer,
s[i].maths,
s[i].nepali,
s[i].total
);
}
return 0;
}
OR
Write a program in C to create and store name, gender, and phoneno of students to a data file named "ADDRESS.DAT". The program should prompt the user whether to continue or not. The program should also display all the records in the proper format. [8]
Ans:-
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char name[100];
char gender[20];
int phone_no;
char choice='y';
FILE *p;
p=fopen("address.dat","w+");
while(choice!='n')
{
printf("enter name\n");
scanf("%s",&name);
printf("enter gender\n");
scanf("%s",&gender);
printf("enter phone number\n");
scanf("%d",&phone_no);
fprintf(p,"%s\t%s\t%d\n",name,gender,phone_no);
printf("enter y to continue and n to discontinue");
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c",&choice);
}
rewind(p);
while((fscanf(p,"%s%s%d",name,gender,&phone_no))!=EOF)
{
printf("name =%s\n",name);
printf("gender=%s\n",gender);
printf("phone number=%d\n",phone_no);
printf("-----------------------\n");
}
fclose(p);
return 0;
}
THE END
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Answer key:
1.) c 2).B 3.) C 4.) D 5.) A 6.) C 7) C 8.)D 9.) D
