Write short note on 1)Cyber law 2)Satellite 3)Data dictionary 4)SQL 5)E-commerce

Write short note on

           1)Cyber law 2)Satellite 3)Data dictionary 4)SQL 5)E-commerce

ans:-
1)cyber law:-
Cyberlaw or Internet law is a term that encapsulates the legal issues related to use of the Internet. Cyber laws have become essential in view of the rapid developments in information technology. Online communication has given rise to a new global commerce .Information Technology (IT) is changing almost all aspects of human activity like communication, trade, culture, education, entertainment, and knowledge. With the rapid advances in computer technology over the past few years, there has been increasing concern in many countries for the need to develop and modernize the law in order to take full advantage of technological improvements and at the same time to guarantee that states can respond to computer crime and related criminal law issues associated with these developments.


2) satellite:

• In the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an object which has been placed into orbit by human endeavor. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as the Moon.
• Satellites are usually semi-independent computer-controlled systems. Satellite subsystems attend many tasks, such as power generation, thermal control, telemetry, altitude control and orbit control
• satellite has on board computer to control and monitor system.
• Additionally, it has radio antennae (receiver and transmitter) with which it can communicate with ground crew.
• Most of the satellites have attitude control system(ACS).It keeps the satellite in right direction.
• Common types include military and civilian Earth observation satellites, communications satellites, navigation satellites, weather satellites, and research satellites. Space stations and human spacecraft in orbit are also satellites.
• Satellite orbits vary greatly, depending on the purpose of the satellite, and are classified in a number of ways. Well-known (overlapping) classes include low Earth orbit, polar orbit, and geostationary orbit.

3) data dictionary:

Database users and application developers can benefit from an authoritative data dictionary document that catalogs the organization, contents, and conventions of one or more databases. The term "data dictionary" is used by many, including myself, to denote a separate set of tables that describes the application tables. The Data Dictionary contains such information as column names, types, and sizes, but also descriptive information such as titles, captions, primary keys, foreign keys, and hints to the user interface about how to display the field.

          A super-simple beginning Data Dictionary might look like this:

                              Among other items of information, it records (1) what data is stored, (2) name, description, and characteristics of each data element, (3) types of relationships between data elements, (4) access rights and frequency of access. Also called system dictionary when used in the context of a system design.

                                   A data dictionary document also may include further information describing how data elements are encoded. One of the advantages of well-designed data dictionary documentation is that it helps to establish consistency throughout a complex database, or across a large collection of federated databases

4) e-commerce:-

E-commerce is a transaction of buying or selling online. Electronic commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems. Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web for at least one part of the transaction's life cycle although it may also use other technologies such as e-mail.

E-commerce businesses may employ some or all of the following:

• Online shopping web sites for retail sales direct to consumers
• Providing or participating in online marketplaces, which process third-party business-to-consumer or consumer-to-consumer sales
• Business-to-business buying and selling
• Gathering and using demographic data through web contacts and social media
• Business-to-business (B2B) electronic data interchange
• Marketing to prospective and established customers by e-mail or fax (for example, with newsletters)
• Engaging in pretail for launching new products and services
• Online financial exchanges for currency exchanges or trading purposes