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Program to show use of pointer.

using codeblocks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//understanding pointer                //comment of program
#include <stdio.h>                     //header file
int main()
{
    int *pointer;                      //pointer declaration
    int x=4;                           //value assignment
    pointer=&x;                        //assigning address to that pointer
    printf("the address of x is=%d\n",pointer);//display of that address
    printf("the  value of x=%d",*pointer);    //display of value stored in that address. we display that             using indirection operator
    return 0;
}

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
using tuboc++
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//understanding pointer                //comment of program
#include <stdio.h>                     //header file
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
    int *pointer;                      //pointer declaration
    int x=4;                           //value assignment
    pointer=&x;                        //assigning address to that pointer
    printf("the address of x is=%d\n",pointer);//display of that address
    printf("the  value of x=%d",*pointer);    
//display of value stored in that address. we display that using indirection operator
   getch();
    return 0;
}

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program to show total bytes used by union ,using sizeof().

using codeblocks
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
//sizeof  union with some data
#include <stdio.h>                         //header file
union det                                  //union tag
{
    char name[30];                      //first member
    char address[70];                   //second member
    int roll_no;                        //third member
}acc;                                   //data variable
int main()
{
    printf("total  SIZE=%d",sizeof(acc));//prints total bytes occupied by variable 'acc'.
    return 0;
}

//note: it finds the sum of all members with the largest one and other.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

using turbo c++
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//sizeof  union with some data
#include <stdio.h>                         //header file
#include<conio.h
union det                                  //union tag
{
    char name[30];                      //first member
    char address[70];                   //second member
    int roll_no;                        //third member
}acc;                                   //data variable
int main()
{
    printf("total  SIZE=%d",sizeof(acc));//prints total bytes occupied by variable acc.
    getch();
    return 0;
}



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program to initialize union

using codeblocks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

This does not work!
---------------------------------

//initializing  union with some data
#include <stdio.h>                         //header file
#include<string.h>
union det                                  //union tag
{
    char name[70];                      //first member
    char address[70];                   //second member
}acc={"rajan","KTM"};                   //initializing data
int main()
{
    printf("the name is ");
    puts(acc.name);                    //puts data on screen i.e. name
    printf("the address is\n");
    puts(acc.address);                  //puts data on screen but does not get displayed on screen
    return 0;
}
// we have tried to access both members at same time.
//so, We get same data "rajan" two times. We do not get "KTM".
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

This works!
-------------------------------------------------------

//initializing  union with some data
#include <stdio.h>                         //header file
#include<string.h>                         //handles strings
union det                                  //union tag
{
    char name[70];                      //first member
    char address[70];                   //second member
}acc;                                //data variable
int main()
{
    strcpy(acc.name,"Rajan");         //data initialization and being copied to 'name'
    printf("the name is ");
    puts(acc.name);                    //puts data on screen i.e. name
    strcpy(acc.address,"KTM");         //data initialization and being copied to 'address'
    printf("the address is\n");
    puts(acc.address);                  //puts data on screen but does not get displayed on screen
    return 0;
}
// we have  accessed one member at a  time.
//so, We get different data "rajan" then ktm.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
using turbo c++
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//initializing  union with some data
#include <stdio.h>                         //header file
#include<string.h>                         //handles strings
#include<conio.h>                        //header file
union det                                  //union tag
{
    char name[70];                      //first member
    char address[70];                   //second member
}acc;                                //data variable
int main()
{
    strcpy(acc.name,"Rajan");         //data initialization and being copied to 'name'
    printf("the name is ");
    puts(acc.name);                    //puts data on screen i.e. name
    strcpy(acc.address,"KTM");         //data initialization and being copied to 'address'
    printf("the address is\n");
    puts(acc.address);                  //puts data on screen but does not get displayed on screen
    getch();
     return 0;
}
// we have  accessed one member at a  time.
//so, We get different data "rajan" then ktm.


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program show use of union with input and output.

using codeblocks
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//understanding union with simple input and output
#include <stdio.h>                         //header file
union det                                  //union tag
{
    char name[70];                      //first member
    char address[70];                   //second member
}acc;
int main()
{
    printf("enter name\n");
    gets(acc.name);                    //gets input for name
    printf("the name is ");
    puts(acc.name);                    //puts data on screen
    printf("enter address\n");
    gets(acc.address);                  //gets address
    printf("the address is ");
    puts(acc.address);                  //puts data on screen
    return 0;
}

Note:-
// we can input one member at a time so, We have input first member only then second member and so on.
// If we input input all members at same time, It would get crashed and give unexpected result
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
using turbo c++
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//understanding union with simple input and output
#include <stdio.h>                         //header file
#include<conio.h>                      //header file to hold output
union det                                  //union tag
{
    char name[70];                      //first member
    char address[70];                   //second member
}acc;
int main()
{
    printf("enter name\n");
    gets(acc.name);                    //gets input for name
    printf("the name is ");
    puts(acc.name);                    //puts data on screen
    printf("enter address\n");
    gets(acc.address);                  //gets address
    printf("the address is ");
    puts(acc.address);                  //puts data on screen
    getch();                                  //holds output
    return 0;
}
// we can input one member at a time so, We have input first member only then second member and so on.
// If we input input all members at same time, It would get crashed and give unexpected result


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program to find sum of two distances measured in feet and inch using function.


using codeblocks
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//program to find sum of two distances measured in feet and inch using function.
//passing struct to function
//understanding struct to a function
#include<stdio.h>                           //header file
struct distance                             //struct tag
{
    int inch;                               //first member
    int feet;                               //second member
}d1,d2,tot;                                  //variables to access members
void sum( struct distance d1,struct distance d2);//function prototype/declaration
int main()
{
    printf("enter first inch and feet\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&d1.inch,&d1.feet);          //gets data
    printf("enter first inch and feet\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&d2.inch,&d2.feet);          //gets data
    sum(d1,d2);                               //calls the function
    return 0;
}
void sum(struct distance d1,struct distance d2) //function body line
{
    tot.inch=(d1.inch+d2.inch)%12;               //returns left part of inch
    tot.feet=d1.feet+d2.feet+(d1.inch+d2.inch)/12;//returns total feet
    printf("total inch=%d feet=%d\n",tot.inch,tot.feet);//prints result
}
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
or
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//understanding struct to a function
#include<stdio.h>                           //header file
void sum( d1,d2);//function prototype/declaration with variables
struct distance                             //struct tag
{
    int inch;                               //first member
    int feet;                               //second member
}d1,d2,tot;                                  //variables to access members
int main()
{
    printf("enter first inch and feet\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&d1.inch,&d1.feet);          //gets data
    printf("enter first inch and feet\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&d2.inch,&d2.feet);          //gets data
    sum(d1,d2);                                            //calls the function
    return 0;
}
void sum(struct distance d1,struct distance d2) //function body line
{
    tot.inch=(d1.inch+d2.inch)%12;               //returns left part of inch
    tot.feet=d1.feet+d2.feet+(d1.inch+d2.inch)/12;//returns total feet
    printf("total inch=%d feet=%d\n",tot.inch,tot.feet);//prints result
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
using turbo c++
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//understanding struct to a function
#include<stdio.h>                           //header file
#include<conio.h>                       //header file to hold output
struct distance                             //struct tag
{
    int inch;                               //first member
    int feet;                               //second member
}d1,d2,tot;                                  //variables to access members
void sum( struct distance d1,struct distance d2);//function prototype/declaration
int main()
{
    printf("enter first inch and feet\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&d1.inch,&d1.feet);          //gets data
    printf("enter first inch and feet\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&d2.inch,&d2.feet);          //gets data
    sum(d1,d2);                               //calls the function
getch();    
return 0;
}
void sum(struct distance d1,struct distance d2) //function body line
{
    tot.inch=(d1.inch+d2.inch)%12;               //returns left part of inch
    tot.feet=d1.feet+d2.feet+(d1.inch+d2.inch)/12;//returns total feet
    printf("total inch=%d feet=%d\n",tot.inch,tot.feet);//prints result
}

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Program to understand concept of nested structure of struct.

using codeblock
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//understanding nested struct concept         //comment abt. program
#include <stdio.h>                            //header file to handle input and output
struct college                                //struct tag
{
    char name[50];                            //first member named name
    char address[50];                         //second member named address
};
struct student                               //second struct tag
{
char name[50];                              // member1
char stream[40];                            //member 2
struct college first;                       //acts as a member. It is a variable of first tag college
};
struct student info;
int main()
{
    printf("enter college name\n");
    gets(info.first.name);                 //accessing member of first tag for input
    printf("enter college address\n");
    gets(info.first.address);             //accessing member of first tag for input
    printf("enter student name\n");
    gets(info.name);                        //accessing member of second tag for input
    printf("enter student's stream\n");
    gets(info.stream);                      //accessing member of second tag for input
    printf("------------------------\n");
    printf(" college name is\n");
    puts(info.first.name);                   //display of data
    printf("college address is\n");
    puts(info.first.address);                 //display of data
    printf("student name is\n");
    puts(info.name);                           //display of data
    printf("student's stream is\n");
    puts(info.stream);                        //display of data
    return 0;
}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

using turbo c++
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//understanding nested struct concept         //comment abt. program
#include <stdio.h>                            //header file to handle input and output
#incluse<conio.h>
struct college                                //struct tag
{
    char name[50];                            //first member named name
    char address[50];                         //second member named address
};
struct student                               //second struct tag
{
char name[50];                              // member1
char stream[40];                            //member 2
struct college first;                       //acts as a member. It is a variable of first tag college
};
struct student info;
int main()
{
    printf("enter college name\n");
    gets(info.first.name);                 //accessing member of first tag for input
    printf("enter college address\n");
    gets(info.first.address);             //accessing member of first tag for input
    printf("enter student name\n");
    gets(info.name);                        //accessing member of second tag for input
    printf("enter student's stream\n");
    gets(info.stream);                      //accessing member of second tag for input
    printf("------------------------\n");
    printf(" college name is\n");
    puts(info.first.name);                   //display of data
    printf("college address is\n");
    puts(info.first.address);                 //display of data
    printf("student name is\n");
    puts(info.name);                           //display of data
    printf("student's stream is\n");
    puts(info.stream);                        //display of data
  getch();    
return 0;
}

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Program read 10 students data (roll, name,class and marks in 5 subjects) and display that using struct with percentage.

using codeblocks
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Program read 10 students data (roll, name,class and marks in 5 subjects) and display that using //struct with percentage.                      //comment abt. program
#include <stdio.h>                                 //header file
struct data                                        //struct tag named data
{
    char name[80];                                //member1 of struct
    char address[80];                             //member2 of struct
    int roll;                                     //member3 of struct
    int english,maths,physics,chemistry,nepali,total;   //marks member declaration
    float percentage;                       //member for total and percentage

 }access[100];                 //'access' is a variable to access members. This can hold maximum 100 members.it is called array of struct.
int main()
{
   int n,i;                                         //variable declaration
   printf("enter total value of n\n");
   scanf("%d",&n);                                  //accepts total value
   for(i=0;i<n;i++)
   {                                                 //execution of loop with inputs
    puts("enter roll number \n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].roll);                      //gets data in different member
   puts("enter name \n");
   scanf("%s",access[i].name);                       //gets name
   puts("enter address \n");
   scanf("%s",access[i].address);                    //gets address
   printf("enter english marks\n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].english);                  //gets respective marks
   printf("enter maths marks\n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].maths);
   printf("enter Physics marks\n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].physics);
   printf("enter chemistry marks\n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].chemistry);
   printf("enter nepali marks\n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].nepali);
   access[i].total=access[i].english+access[i].maths+access[i].physics+access[i].chemistry+access[i].nepali;/finds total and stores
      access[i].percentage=(float)access[i].total/5;               //finds percentage and stores in respective member
   }
   printf("entered data are\n");                  //loop execution to display data
   for(i=0;i<n;i++)
   {
   printf("roll=%d,name=%s,address=%s, english=%d,maths=%d,physics=%d,chemistry=%d,nepali=%d\n",access[i].roll,access[i].name,access[i].address,access[i].english
          ,access[i].maths,access[i].physics,access[i].chemistry,access[i].nepali);
   }                                                //displays data

    printf(" data with total and percentage are\n");     // displays data with total and percentage
  for(i=0;i<n;i++)
   {
   printf("roll=%d,name=%s,address=%s, english=%d,maths=%d,physics=%d,chemistry=%d,nepali=%d, total=%d,percentage=%f\n",access[i].roll,access[i].name,access[i].address,access[i].english
          ,access[i].maths,access[i].physics,access[i].chemistry,access[i].nepali,access[i].total,access[i].percentage);
   }
    return 0;

}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
using turbo c++
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// program to enter detail of some  students       //comment abt. program
#include <stdio.h>                                 //header file
#include<conio.h>
struct data                                        //struct tag named data
{
    char name[80];                                //member1 of struct
    char address[80];                             //member2 of struct
    int roll;                                     //member3 of struct
    int english,maths,physics,chemistry,nepali,total;   //marks member declaration
    float percentage;                       //member for total and percentage

}access[100];                 //'access' is a variable to access members. This can hold maximum 100 members.it is called array of struct.
int main()
{
   int n,i;                                         //variable declaration
   printf("enter total value of n\n");
   scanf("%d",&n);                                  //accepts total value
   for(i=0;i<n;i++)
   {                                                 //execution of loop with inputs
    puts("enter roll number \n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].roll);                      //gets data in different member
   puts("enter name \n");
   scanf("%s",access[i].name);                       //gets name
   puts("enter address \n");
   scanf("%s",access[i].address);                    //gets address
   printf("enter english marks\n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].english);                  //gets respective marks
   printf("enter maths marks\n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].maths);
   printf("enter Physics marks\n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].physics);
   printf("enter chemistry marks\n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].chemistry);
   printf("enter nepali marks\n");
   scanf("%d",&access[i].nepali);
   access[i].total=access[i].english+access[i].maths+access[i].physics+access[i].chemistry+access[i].nepali;/finds total and stores
      access[i].percentage=(float)access[i].total/5;               //finds percentage and stores in respective member
   }
   printf("entered data are\n");                  //loop execution to display data
   for(i=0;i<n;i++)
   {
   printf("roll=%d,name=%s,address=%s, english=%d,maths=%d,physics=%d,chemistry=%d,nepali=%d\n",access[i].roll,access[i].name,access[i].address,access[i].english
          ,access[i].maths,access[i].physics,access[i].chemistry,access[i].nepali);
   }                                                //displays data

   printf(" data with total and percentage are\n");     // displays data with total and percentage
  for(i=0;i<n;i++)
   {
   printf("roll=%d,name=%s,address=%s, english=%d,maths=%d,physics=%d,chemistry=%d,nepali=%d, total=%d,percentage=%f\n",access[i].roll,access[i].name,access[i].address,access[i].english
          ,access[i].maths,access[i].physics,access[i].chemistry,access[i].nepali,access[i].total,access[i].percentage);
   }
   getch();                              //holds the output.
    return 0;
}

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